São Tomé and Príncipe, with a total population of about 181,000, has about 5,500 Muslim inhabitants, about 3 percent of the population. The majority (an estimated 80 percent) are Roman Catholics; São Tomé and Príncipe were for many years a colony of Portugal, which is overwhelmingly Catholic.

There are also no known mosques, madrasahs or other Muslim organizations operating in the country.